Simple present

O "simple present" é utilizado:

  • Para expressar hábitos e fatos gerais, ações repetidas ou situações, emoções e desejos permanentes:
    I smoke (hábito); I work in London (situação permanente); London is a large city (fato geral).
  • Para dar instruções ou indicações:
    You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left.
  • Para expressar eventos programados, presentes ou futuros:
    Your exam starts at 09.00.
  • Para se referir ao futuro, depois de algumas conjunções: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
    He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
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Tome cuidado! O "simple present" não é utilizado para indicar ações que estejam ocorrendo no presente momento.

Exemplos

  • Hábitos
    He drinks tea at breakfast.
    She only eats fish.
    They watch television regularly.
  • Ações ou eventos repetidos
    We catch the bus every morning.
    It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
    They drive to Monaco every summer.
  • Fatos gerais
    Water freezes at zero degrees.
    The Earth revolves around the Sun.
    Her mother is Peruvian.
  • Instruções ou orientações
    Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
    You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford.
  • Eventos programados
    His mother arrives tomorrow.
    Our holiday starts on the 26th March
  • Construções no futuro
    She'll see you before she leaves.
    We'll give it to her when she arrives.

Formação do "simple present": to think

Afirmativa Interrogativa Negativa
I think Do I think? I do not think
You think Do you think? You do not think
He thinks Does he think? He does not think
She thinks Does she think? She does not think
It thinks Does it think? It does not think
We think Do we think? We do not think.
They think Do they think? They do not think.

Notas sobre a terceira pessoa do singular no "simple present"

  • Na terceira pessoa do singular, o verbo sempre termina em -s:
    he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks.
  • As formas negativas e interrogativas utilizam DOES (= terceira pessoa do auxiliar "DO") + infinitivo do verbo.
    He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla.
  • Verbos terminados em -y: na terceira pessoa do singular, troca-se o -y por -ies:
    fly --> flies, cry --> cries
    Exceção: quando houver uma vogal antes do -y:
    play --> plays, pray --> prays
  • Adicione -es aos verbos terminados em:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
    he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
Exemplos
  • He goes to school every morning.
  • She understands English.
  • It mixes the sand and the water.
  • He tries very hard.
  • She enjoys playing the piano.
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