Past perfect
Teste seu conhecimentoFunções do "past perfect"
O tempo verbal "past perfect" indica um momento anterior ao passado recente. Ele é utilizado quando se deseja deixar claro que um evento ocorreu antes de outro no passado. Não importa qual dos eventos é mencionado primeiro, pois o tempo verbal deixa claro qual dos dois aconteceu antes.
Nos exemplos seguintes, o Evento A representa aquele que ocorreu primeiramente, e o Evento B, aquele que aconteceu na continuação, ou seja, o mais recente dos dois:
| Evento A | Evento B |
| John had gone out | when I arrived in the office. |
| Evento A | Evento B |
| I had saved my document | before the computer crashed. |
| Evento B | Evento A |
| When they arrived | we had already started cooking. |
| Evento B | Evento A |
| He was very tired | because he hadn't slept well. |
Formando o "past perfect"
Em inglês, o "past perfect" é composto por duas partes: o passado do verbo to have (had) + o "past participle" do verbo principal.
| Sujeito | had | past participle |
|---|---|---|
| Afirmativa | ||
| She | had | given |
| Negativa | ||
| She | hadn't | asked. |
| Interrogativa | ||
| Had | they | arrived? |
| Interrogativa Negativa | ||
| Hadn't | you | finished? |
To decide no "past perfect"
| Afirmativa | Negativa | Interrogativa |
|---|---|---|
| I had decided | I hadn't decided | Had I decided? |
| You had decided | You hadn't decided | Had you decided? |
| She had decided | She hadn't decided | Had she decided? |
| We had decided | We hadn't decided | Had we decided? |
| They had decided | They hadn't decided | Had they decided? |
"Past perfect" + just
"Just" é utilizado com o "past perfect" para indicar um evento ocorrido muito pouco tempo antes de outro evento situado no passado. Exemplos:
- The train had just left when I arrived at the station.
- She had just left the room when the police arrived.
- I had just put the washing out when it started to rain.